The Ruy Lopez (Spanish game)

Speaking of the Ruy Lopez, it is one of the most respected and deeply studied chess openings. After the initial moves 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3, White plays 3. Bb5, developing the light-squared bishop actively and eyeing Black's e5-pawn. Black has several ways to meet the Ruy Lopez, including the Morphy Defense (3...a6), Steinitz Defense (3...d6), and Classical Defense (3...Bc5). This opening often leads to tactical battles where both kings can become exposed.